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Curriculum/DevOps and Infrastructure/Cloud Platforms — Microsoft Azure/Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
40 minAdvanced

Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)

After this lesson, you will be able to: Compare Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) to self-hosted Kubernetes and to EKS/GKE; understand AKS-specific features.

AKS is Azure's managed Kubernetes. Same K8s API as EKS / GKE, with Azure-specific niceties.

Prerequisites:Azure DevOps

AKS basics

Managed control plane (free; you don't pay for the masters). You pay for: worker nodes (VMs), Azure storage / load balancers attached, egress. Supports CNI: Azure CNI (each Pod gets a VNet IP), Kubenet (cheaper but less integrated), Calico, Cilium. Auto-upgrade channels, automatic node patching, autoscaling (Cluster Autoscaler + KEDA for event-driven).

Create an AKS cluster

5-minute provision.

tsx
# Create resource group
az group create -n rg-aks -l eastus
# Create AKS cluster
az aks create \
--resource-group rg-aks \
--name myaks \
--node-count 2 \
--node-vm-size Standard_B2s \
--enable-managed-identity \
--generate-ssh-keys
# Connect kubectl
az aks get-credentials --resource-group rg-aks --name myaks
kubectl get nodes

AKS-specific niceties

Workload Identity: same idea as IRSA on EKS. Pods get short-lived Azure AD tokens via federated identity. Use for Pods accessing Storage / KeyVault / etc. Application Routing Add-on: managed NGINX Ingress + cert-manager out of the box. Container Storage Interface (CSI) drivers: Azure Disk + Files + Blob via CSI. Azure Monitor for Containers: metrics + logs from every Pod into Log Analytics. KQL queries against them. Microsoft Entra integration for kubectl auth: humans authenticate via their corporate identity.

Cost watch

Free control plane (AKS), but Standard SLA tier ($0.10/hr) is recommended for prod. Nodes: VM-priced. A 2x Standard_B2s cluster is ~$60/mo. Load Balancers: ~$25/mo each (Standard tier). Storage: per-disk for PVCs (~$1.50/GB/mo for Premium SSD). Free tier covers Cluster Autoscaler; KEDA is open-source / free.

AKS vs EKS vs GKE — how to pick

Same K8s API; same kubectl. Workload portability is high. Pick by org's cloud commitment. If most spending is on Azure, pick AKS. AKS strengths: Entra ID integration, Application Routing Add-on, Container Storage Interface for Files / Blob. AKS weaknesses: ecosystem still slightly behind EKS in vendor integrations; Karpenter equivalent (Node Autoprovisioning) is newer. GKE remains the most polished managed K8s; AKS is catching up fast.

Common mistakes only experienced engineers avoid

Skipping Workload Identity. Pods then need stored credentials. Modern AKS sets this up via Azure AD trust. Running prod on Free tier control plane. Upgrade to Standard for SLA. Forgetting node pool taints + tolerations for workload isolation. Mixing too many tools (manual kubectl + Helm + IaC). Standardize on one (usually IaC + Helm). No cluster autoscaler. Pods get stuck Pending under load.

Quick Check

Your AKS-hosted app needs to read from a Storage Account. What's the right auth?

Pick the keyless option.

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